COMMITTEE: United Nations Habitat (UNH)
TOPIC: Decrease in Animal Migration as a Consequence of Urbanization
ROOM: 204
CHAIR: Orive Coronel Alexa y Guerra Gil Sebastián
There is no doubt that human civilization has had a negative impact on biodiversity, particularly since the industrial revolution. Overfishing and hunting, the destruction of habitats through agriculture and urban sprawl, the use of pesticides and herbicides, and the release of other toxic compounds into the environment have all taken their toll, particularly on vertebrates.
The study of adaptation to human habitats also yields vital information for conservation efforts and helps to soften the environmental impact of business parks, housing, roads and waterways. In fact, these types of construction can even enhance biodiversity and encourage species to colonize urban areas by creating ecological corridors and networks to circumvent obstacles, thereby providing access to favourable habitats. Small mammals, for example, can cross major roads and railways by using dedicated pathways that are constructed within existing tunnels or bridges. Furthermore, urbanization does not preclude the development of teeming habitats; rather than being confined to remote areas and wildlife parks, they can be found in densely populated areas.
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